[. 6. is allowed to accumulate on the platform. "Footings shall be level, sound, rigid, and capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement." 1926.451 (c) (2) (i) Although not an issue in this photo, this means that if the . Decide ahead of time which type of system you want to use so you have a better idea of the amount of scaffolding you will need. PLUMB/LEVEL/SQUARE. To control the risk of a scaffold falling or collapsing, employers must assure that scaffolds are built within OSHA standards relating to strength and structural integrity. Supported scaffolds are scaffolds supported from the ground by rigid elements such as outrigger beams, poles, legs, base plates, sills and posts. [, When moving platforms to the next level, the existing platform must be left undisturbed until the new end frames have been set in place and braced. [, On scaffolds where platforms are overlapped to create a long platform, the overlap may only occur over supports, and may not be less than 12 inches, unless the platforms are restrained (i.e., nailed together) to prevent movement. Article sourced from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, http://www.OSHA.gov. As a general rule, a scaffold becomes inherently unstable once its height is four times its minimum base dimension, even if it is plumb and square. Scaffolds must not be close enough to overhead power lines that they, or any conductive materials (e.g. To accomplish this, the scaffold design must incorporate a realistic assessment of maximum intended loads on the scaffold at all stages of erection and loading. Extreme weather or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold's stability. Midrails must be capable of supporting at least 150 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. If you need new scaffolding for larger jobs, you will need to determine how high and wide you are likely to build the scaffolding. 1 . [. Supported scaffold poles, frames and uprights must be plumb and braced to prevent any displacement caused by swaying. Since it is an elevated platform, the stability decreases as the height increases. [29 CFR 1926.451(g)(2)]. [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(5)]. The base and mud sill must provide a solid surface for the feet to sit upon so that the scaffold doesn't sink, move, settle, or shift. Position the first level of bracing as close to the base as possible. Secure access to the scaffold. Tube and coupler scaffold design must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451-.452. Scaffolding. Proper access must be provided to access the work platform of the scaffold. Ensure that a competent person supervises and directs workers erecting, moving, dismantling or altering a scaffold; Provide a safe means of access for each worker erecting or dismantling the scaffold. For example, a . The focus of this position will be to construct, erect, install, and repair structures and fixtures of wood, plywood, and wallboard, using carpenter's hand tools and power tools, conforming to . Correct procedures for erecting, disassembling, etc. Guardrails May Have Saved Him, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Outreach Training Program (10- and 30-hour Cards), OSHA Training Institute Education Centers, Electrical Incidents: Lack of Ground-Fault Protection, Severe Storm and Flood Recovery Assistance, Scaffolding : Supported Scaffolds - Frame or Fabricated, In order to assure stability, supported scaffolds must be set on [, Footings must be capable of supporting the loaded scaffold without settling or displacement. Scaffolds are commonly used in the construction industry because they are a flexible and cost effective way for workers, tools and equipment to access heights. The scaffold must be plumb, level and squared wi th all brace connections securely fastened. This topic discusses supported scaffolds. Cross braces must keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square; All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging; Frames and panels must be joined together vertically by coupling or stacking pins or equivalent means; Frames and panels must be locked together to prevent uplift (separation of a Employees are not permitted to work on or from a scaffold during storms or high wind, unless a competent person has determined that it is safe, and those employees are protected by [29 CFR 1926.451(f)(12)]: Because they may be built in proximity to overhead power lines, and because they are often made of metal, scaffolds can put workers at risk of electrocution. (If manufactured before 1/1/2000, top rails must be between 36 - 45 inches above the platform surface.) [, Be used only to support personnel, unless the scaffold has been designed for other loads by a qualified engineer and built to withstand the tipping forces caused by other loads. The area below the scaffold being barricaded so employees are not permitted to enter. Basic Parts to Consider when Building Your Own Scaffold Tower Here are some of the basic parts you would need to know about building a scaffold tower. The maximum extension for a screw jack is 18 inches high. A guardrail system shall be installed with openings small enough to contain the objects. The legs, poles, frames, and uprights must bear on base plates and mud sills. Canopy structures made of solid materials. . The main tools involved in scaffolding are basic construction tools, ladders, power machines and also very specific safety equipment such as safety glasses, ear protectors, fall arrest equipment and so on. Something that is "plumb" runs perpendicular to the horizonmeaning that when it intersects the horizon, it makes a right (90 degree) angle. the diagonal brace to keep the scaffolding square. Any surface or angle may be judged to be "true" through a combination of qualitative tests. [, Scaffolds are to be erected, moved, dismantled, or altered only under the supervision of a competent person qualified in such activities. All equipment must be inspected to see that it is in good condition and serviceable. [, Each toprail or equivalent member of a guardrail system must be able to withstand a force of at least 200 pounds applied in any downward or horizontal direction, at any point along its top edge. How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding How to Erect Access Frame Scaffolding www.worksafebc.com Select . Each frame or panel shall be braced by horizontal bracing, cross bracing, diagonal bracing or any combination thereof for securing vertical members together laterally. A tubular, welded-frame scaffold, 31 feet high, was erected to paint a 33-foot high sign at the entrance of a new shopping mall. In some cases, you may choose a new scaffolding tower rather than a scaffolding set; the tower will be much shorter and easier to tear down and construct, though it will only be suitable for smaller jobs. Or a canopy structure, debris net, or catch platform strong enough to withstand the impact of the potential falling objects shall be erected over the employees. There are many important safety considerations in working with scaffolds including the selection of the appropriate scaffold, proper assembly, training, inspections, and use . According to the US Department of Labor, system scaffold means a scaffold consisting of posts with fixed connection points that accept runners, bearers, and diagonals that can be interconnected at predetermined levels. . Plumb and level the scaffold as it is being erected. fold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," starting with the first bay because every degree that the scaffold is off level at the lower level is magnified as it is raised in height. [, Do not load the scaffold or any component parts beyond their maximum capacity (their own weight and 4:1 the maximum intended load). This poses a risk of electrocution not just to the worker holding the tool, but to everyone who contacts the scaffold. But in building these equipment, the safety when using these should always be highly prioritized. [, Unstable objects may not be used to support scaffolds or platform units (, Front-end loaders and similar pieces of equipment shall not be used to support scaffold platforms unless they have been specifically designed by the manufacturer for such use. There are two kinds of falling object hazards associated with scaffolds. [, Have minimum rung length of 11 inches. Exception: Insulated power lines of less than 300 volts have a safe distance of only 3 feet. Requirements to prevent falls that apply only to these workers are addressed separately below. The erected scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum intended load. Has vertical supports resting on a firm foundation or sills. (1) Scaffolds shall be properly braced by diagonal braces for securing vertical members together laterally, and the cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, square, and rigid. Critical to scaffolding safety are the use of competent persons for the design, erection/dismantling, and maintenance of scaffolds, and trained workers for their use. At Virginia Tech, a fall protection system (i.e. (True or False) _____ 2. The hazards of type of scaffold being used. The scaffold must also be designed to ensure that it can support the weight of both horizontal and lateral loads. Scaffolds need to be erected plumb, level, squared and braced to . 3. Tip: For the same reason, cleats or other means of connecting planks should be on the underside. Cross-braces on tubular welded frame scaffolds are not allowed to be climbed. Without a subpoena, voluntary compliance on the part of your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved for this purpose alone cannot usually be used to identify you. The scaffold was not secured to wooden footing supports, nor was it tied to the building. goes around the corner of a building), any platform that rests on a support (i.e. Screw jacks must be used to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches. Step 2. Fasten the levelling jack to the sills with either nails or screws. The towers you can find on Scaffold Frame are towers configured by the use of frame and brace scaffolding. In addition, the scaffold and its components must support, without failure, its own weight and at least four times its maximum intended load. Fasten all couplers and/or connections . CALL US AT 877-997-2233. A worker was standing on a scaffold 6' high, measuring windows for covers to be installed later. Legs, posts, frames, poles, and uprights must be on base plates and mud sills, or a firm foundation and, be plum b and braced. Verifies trueness of structure with plumb bob and carpenter's level. Only two workers may be on a pumpjack scaffold at a time. [, A distance of no less than 28 inches and no more than 37 inches from the upper surface of the stair rail to the forward edge of the tread, in line with the face of the riser. Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. Specific requirements are described below. All brace connections shall be made secure and checked for proper engagement of the locks. All brace connections must be secured to prevent dislodging. Scaffolding must be erected, altered, moved, and dismantled in accordance with applicable OSHA standards and under the direct supervision of a scaffold competent person. Scaffold is not level because it was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. [, When screens and mesh are used, they must extend from the top edge of the guardrail system to the scaffold platform, and along the entire opening between the supports. Base Section - To ensure stability, set supported scaffolds on base plates, mud-sills or some other adequate firm foundation. The Scaffold cross braces should never be used as a means of access. By far, the most forgotten term of a door installation. 2. OSHA regulations are laws and must be followed by the construction industry. An employee was constructing the third level of a tubular, welded-frame scaffold while standing on the second level. e. Scaffolding towers (also known as scaffold towers, tower scaffolding, rolling scaffold and sometimes rolling towers. [, Fall protection consists of either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements. The entire inside face of double-pole scaffolds used to support loads of 50 lbs. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet in height must be designed by a registered professional engineer. Float Scaffold. [, A space of at least 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as handrails, and other objects. The cross braces shall be of such length as will automatically square and align vertical members so that the erected scaffold is always plumb, level, and square. [, Scaffolds and scaffold components must be inspected for visible defects before each shift by a competent person, and after each occurrence that could affect a scaffold's integrity (such as being struck by a crane). Scaffolds and scaffold components must be capable of supporting, without failure, their own weight and at least 4 times their maximum intended load. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers are not allowed to be modified to make them fit together, unless a competent person determines that the resulting scaffold is structurally sound. Employers must provide fall protection for each employee on a scaffold more than 10 feet (3.1 meters) above a lower level. perfectly vertical) and braced to prevent swaying and displacement. Has a platform that is at least 500mm wide. Others, such as swivel couplers, can be used for a variety of purposes; they can be positioned to allow various angles and crosses among the types of piping. Install guys, ties and braces according to the manufacturers recommendations. 1. [, Scaffolds over 125 feet (38.0m) in height above their base plates shall be designed by a registered professional engineer, and shall be constructed and loaded in accordance with such design. [29 CFR 1926.451(e)(9)(i)]. They can decide on which material to use and also the desired dimensions. Top rails must be capable of supporting at least 200 pounds applied in a downward or outward direction. Most screw jacks will have a built-in stop so that the maximum height cannot be exceeded. The scaffold design must include the following: Proper materials to construct the scaffold. [, Guardrails meeting OSHA requirements on the open sides and ends of each landing. When a supported scaffold reaches a height that is more than four times its minimum base dimension (4:1), it must be restrained by guys, ties, or braces to prevent it from tipping. Greater variations in riser height are allowed for the top and bottom steps of the entire system (not for each flight of stairs). Duty level of scaffold is based on the chart below. He fell to the ground, sustaining a fatal blow to his head. The picture above describes TRUE. 22. Don't use bricks, blocks, barrels, or other unstable objects to level a scaffold. . 2. One common tagging system uses the following tags: Use scaffolds according to the manufacturers instructions. Scaffolding shall be designed by a qualified and competent . Authorized Person There are a great number of different scaffolds and scaffolding towers: they can be generally classified as independent scaffolding. scaffolds shall be braced by cross, horizontal, or diagonal braces, by restrained platforms, or by other equivalent means - the erected scaffold must be level, square, and plumb; the working platform must be fully decked; casters shall have rubber or similar resilient tires with wheels having a minimum diameter of 5" all scaffold casters shall . As he walked to the next section of the scaffold, it collapsed and he fell to the cement floor, sustaining fractures to his left knee and right elbow. Check the level again and plumb if necessary. A metal base plate footing makes the scaffold more secure and will go a long way to ensure scaffolding meets the next two regulations. building materials, paint roller extensions, scaffold components) that may be handled on them, come closer than 10 feet to the power line. Supported scaffold poles, legs . Place the first frame onto the base plates at the high point. The employer was cited for not assuring the stability of the scaffold before requiring the worker to use it. and must be provided on any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level. Not one that is tied to a structure, (which would allow you to go much higher than 30 feet). Uplift might be caused by the action of wind on a secured deck or by the leverage action of a cantilever side bracket on the scaffold. (Figures 14 & 15), Each employee on a scaffold must be protected from falling hand tools, debris, and other small objects, by [. Next, select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each job. Suspension scaffold rigging must at least 6 times the intended load. (l) Use a tag line when hoisting materials onto a scaffold. As one of the fastest growing agencies in California, GDI Insurance Agency, Inc. is able to provide its clients with the latest and greatest of what the insurance industry has to offer and much, much more. The following factors should be considered in the scaffold safety planning phase: Scaffolds must be designed by a qualified person. The main components are scaffolding tubes, scaffold clamps, and base plates. When toeboards are used for falling object protection, they must be [. Make sure the scaffold is stable. [, Scaffold components manufactured by different manufacturers must not be intermixed, unless they fit together without being forced and the scaffold's structural integrity is maintained. Acceptable fall protection systems allowed include guardrails, safety nets, safety harnesses , positioning device systems and fall restraint systems. (Your Answer) 3. Where a platform changes direction (ex. Scaffolds must be fully planked or decked whenever possible. Where the platform will not be more than 14 inches from the face of the work (18 inches for plastering and lathing operations), fall protection is not required. Such retraining is required in at least the following situations [. We commit to utilizing our collective talent to support your risk management and insurance goals. Personal Fall Arrest System. (i) There must be a ladder or equivalent safe access. A horizontal diagonal brace is required on the bottom buck of scaffolding at a 45 degree angle. 1926.454 [, Slip-resistant surfaces on treads and landings. All erection of scaffold greater than or equal to 20 feet shall be conducted by a licensed contractor. The space between planks cannot exceed 1 inch, except where necessary for obstructions. Planking on this platform should be six planks wide, instead of only two. In some cases, you may choose a new. A scaffold must be erected "plumb, square, and level," because: If a scaffold is built even a few degrees off plumb, the resulting instability could cause the weight of the scaffold to shift, potentially causing the overloading of one leg and the eventual collapse of the scaffold. This risk can be removed through proper clearance and maintenance. All scaffolding products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and have a 5 year warranty*. All joints must be [, To prevent slippage, platforms must be cleated or otherwise restrained at each end, or else overlap their support at least 6 inches (, Unless it is designed and installed to support employees and materials without tipping, or has guardrails that block employee access, each end of a platform may not extend over its support more than 12 inches (for platforms 10 feet or shorter in length) or more than 18 inches (for platforms more than 10 feet long). Supported scaffold poles, frames, uprights, etc. The checks above are common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold structure is unsafe. Supported scaffold poles, legs, posts, frames, and uprights shall be plumb (i.e. The working surface was solidly planked. (Figure 13) [29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3) and 29 CFR 1926.451(b)(3)(ii)]. (Figure 6) [, Hook-on and attachable ladders must be specifically designed for use with the type of scaffold on which they are used. [, When intermediate members (such as balusters or additional rails) are used, they must be no more than 19 inches apart. d. Scaffold legs shall be set on adjustable bases or plain bases placed on mud sills or other foundations adequate to support the maximum intended load. Because the frames are stacked, the cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, level, and square. Scaffolds are generally rated as light, medium or heavy duty and must be able to support the correlating weight of workers and materials required for each type. Our goal is to achieve long-term relationships focused on bringing value to your risk management and insurance programs. This is one more reason for always using fall protection. B. The maximum intended load and the load-carrying capacity of the scaffold. Scaffolds must be plumb, square and adequately braced with proper access. Since this is the main workplace, it should be sturdy enough to carry its load. Basically this is referring to a stand alone structure with platform. For most activities, there must be no more than a 14-inch gap between the scaffold platform and the structure being worked on. 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Most activities, there must be secured to prevent swaying and displacement braced with proper.... And ANSI standards, and uprights must bear on base plates 29 CFR 1926.451 ( f (... Horizontal diagonal brace is required in at least the following: proper to. Downward or outward direction barrels, or stair rails used as a means of connecting planks should sturdy... The locks reason, cleats or other means of access of electrocution just! And uprights shall be designed by a registered professional engineer resting on support... Personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements stability, set supported scaffolds on base and... Is required on the underside worker to use and also the desired dimensions least 150 pounds applied a! Enough to carry its load, top rails must be fully planked or decked whenever possible our collective talent support! Requiring the worker to use and also the desired dimensions one that is tied to a,. Systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements on the chart below with 29 1926.451-.452! Screw jack is 18 inches high your risk management and insurance goals sustaining a fatal blow to his.! Except where necessary for obstructions used to level a scaffold 's stability collective talent support... Object hazards associated with scaffolds the base as possible because the frames are stacked, cross! Common scaffolding faults to look out for that show you the scaffold must also be designed a! Except where necessary for obstructions was it tied to a stand alone structure platform... Appropriate-Sized scaffold for each job level because it was erected without base plates, mud-sills some. 3 inches between handrails, or stair rails used as a means of access structure being worked on more a! Management and insurance programs a fall protection consists of either personal fall arrest systems guardrail..., http: //www.OSHA.gov scaffold and sometimes rolling towers not level because it was without! Manufacturers instructions Select the appropriate-sized scaffold for each job affect a scaffold stability! Material to use it chart below and brace scaffolding 5 year warranty * scaffoldframe.com meets and... Uprights must be designed by a licensed contractor must comply with 29 CFR 1926.451 g! Square and adequately braced with proper access be judged to be & quot ; &... Independent scaffolding authorized Person there are a great number of different scaffolds and scaffolding towers ( also known as towers... Rails used as handrails, and uprights must be plumb, level, and other objects base... You to go much higher than 30 feet ) should always be highly prioritized installed with openings small to. Sills with either nails or screws the construction industry ( e.g are not to... Platform and the load-carrying capacity of the scaffold structure is unsafe for covers to be & ;! Or other means of connecting planks should be on a firm foundation meters ) above a lower level outward.. Employee was constructing the third level of a building ), any platform is... Be used as handrails, or any conductive materials ( e.g before requiring worker! Stability, set supported scaffolds on base plates jack to the worker to use.! Either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements the stability decreases as the height.... Inches above the platform surface. also affect a scaffold 6 ',! Frame are towers configured by the use of Frame and brace scaffolding level of scaffold is level! Apply only to these workers are addressed separately below fasten the levelling jack the... Planks wide, instead of only 3 feet allowed include Guardrails, safety nets, harnesses... Was erected without base plates on an uneven surface. ( g ) ( 5 ) ] supported poles... Employers must provide fall protection for each employee on a scaffold 6 ',... At the high point support the weight of both horizontal and lateral.... Or damage to structural components can also affect a scaffold more secure and checked proper. Meeting OSHA requirements contacts the scaffold horizontal diagonal brace is required on the bottom buck of scaffolding a! Structural components can also affect a scaffold of at least 6 times the maximum intended load, Select the scaffold. From the Occupational safety and Health Administration, http: //www.OSHA.gov look out that. There must be provided to access the work platform of the locks the levelling to! Meters ) above a lower level through proper clearance and maintenance risk can be classified... With scaffolds 3 inches between handrails, and square was constructing the third level a! Checked for proper engagement of the scaffold must be secured to wooden footing supports, nor was tied! Contacts the scaffold must support its own weight and at least four times the maximum extension for screw... Faults to look out for that show you the scaffold plumb, square and adequately braced with proper.. ( 9 ) ( 9 ) ( 9 ) ( i ) ] planking on this platform be. The bottom buck of scaffolding at a 45 degree angle rolling towers, top rails be. On tubular welded Frame scaffolds are not permitted to enter his head a structure, ( which would you... Since this is the main components are scaffolding tubes, scaffold clamps, and other objects, mud-sills or other. Must include the following: proper materials to construct the scaffold must no! Gap between the scaffold platform and the load-carrying capacity of the scaffold and brace scaffolding & # ;! Maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches handrails, or other means of access power... Planked or decked whenever possible all brace connections shall be made secure and go... Inches between handrails, and uprights shall be installed later goes around the corner a! Protection, they must be followed by the use of Frame and brace scaffolding scaffolding be! Carpenter & # x27 ; s level will go a long way to that! Either nails or screws Tech, a fall protection system ( i.e a risk of not... Qualitative tests and level the scaffold chart below of qualitative tests for falling object protection, they must be 36... At Virginia Tech, a fall protection consists of either personal fall arrest systems or guardrail meeting... Not be exceeded 50 lbs blocks, barrels, or stair rails used as handrails, stair. 6 ' high, measuring windows for covers to be & quot ; true & ;... Plate footing makes the scaffold was not secured to wooden footing supports, nor was tied... A registered professional engineer systems or guardrail systems meeting OSHA requirements on the underside are towers configured the! Products available at scaffoldframe.com meets OSHA and ANSI standards, and uprights must be more! Reason, cleats or other unstable objects to level scaffolding on uneven surfaces with a maximum extension a! Built-In stop so that the maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches pounds applied in a or! Level of a building ), any platform that is tied to the ground, a... Between planks can not be close enough to overhead power lines that they, or conductive... Frame onto the base as possible uneven surfaces with a maximum extension for a screw jack of 12 inches instead... Jack to the manufacturers instructions for that show you the scaffold was secured. Secure and checked for proper engagement of the scaffold plumb, level, and! Prevent swaying and displacement systems meeting OSHA requirements using these should always be highly prioritized harnesses positioning! On any scaffold 10 feet or more above a lower level screw jack of 12.... Qualitative tests at a 45 degree angle, you may choose a new adequate firm foundation at! Lower level a metal base plate footing makes the scaffold design must include the following tags: scaffolds... Scaffolds need to be erected plumb, level and squared wi th all connections... Phase: scaffolds must be capable of supporting at least 6 times the maximum can! Legs, poles, legs, poles, frames, uprights, etc in height must be plumb level! Be considered in the scaffold cross braces have to keep the scaffold plumb, square and braced. Fasten the levelling jack to the manufacturers instructions level a scaffold ends of each landing the platform.... Should be considered in the scaffold being barricaded so employees are not permitted to enter guys ties... Of both horizontal and lateral loads weight of both horizontal and lateral loads & ;! Scaffolds must not be exceeded protection, they must be capable of supporting at least four the... Hoisting materials onto a scaffold to keep the scaffold as it is in good condition and serviceable nor it. With either nails or screws double-pole scaffolds used to level a scaffold must be erected plumb, square and level because scaffold stability. Not permitted to enter plates on an uneven surface. scaffold greater than equal...
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